An Adren Philodox could challenge a Fostern Ahroun for Glory, or a Fostern Theurge for Wisdom. It would be slightly awkward, socially, but certainly allowed.
When in doubt... if other characters let you get away with it, it works. Renown is largely what people talk about, so if you get them talking about you in the right way, the ends kinda justify the means. ...unless you get caught. That tends to go real bad. (Flat-out lying is often frowned upon as the spirits catch you out, but more-than-artistic exaggeration can work real good.)
Marc, if it's okay with you, I'm comfortable with the auto-permanentizing all the time and just assuming that most people are eligible for renown challenges/rites most of the time. This is a pretty big fudge in an attempt to make the paperwork still viable in the TT->larp conversion, and since people still need the total renown to challenge for rank, I'm totally okay with challenging to have the point that autoconverted a month or three ago formally recognized now.
Fair warning, though - lose a challenge, lose that renown. (This will only count as a temporary renown loss. Falcon will not kill you as a freak side effect of our house rule.)